Malta: a complete guide to discovering the Mediterranean archipelago
Malta is a destination that surprises visitors with its variety: a compact archipelago offering crystal-clear seas, fortified cities, ancient archaeological sites and a lively cultural scene. Thanks to its pleasant climate, use of the euro and widespread English, it is an ideal destination for both short breaks and longer holidays.
General information and history
The Republic of Malta is located in the central Mediterranean Sea, between Sicily and the North African coast. The archipelago consists of Malta, Gozo and Comino, as well as smaller uninhabited islets. Malta has a population of around half a million people and is one of the most densely populated countries in Europe.
Its history is extraordinarily rich: from the Phoenicians and Romans to the Arabs, the Knights of St John and the British period, which ended with independence in 1964. Each civilisation has left visible traces in the architecture, language and local traditions.
Language, currency and travel documents
The official languages are Maltese and English. Italian is understood by a large part of the population, especially among older generations. The currency is the euro and for European Union citizens a valid national identity card is sufficient to enter the country.
Traffic rules and transport
- In Malta, driving is on the left-hand side of the road, as in the United Kingdom.
- Seat belts are mandatory and the use of mobile phones while driving is strictly prohibited.
- The legal blood alcohol limit is 0.8 g/l, with stricter rules for new drivers.
The public bus system connects most parts of the island and is an affordable option for tourists. However, renting a car can be more practical for exploring remote beaches or visiting Gozo independently. Ferries operate regularly between Malta, Gozo and Comino.
Things to see in Malta
- Valletta, the capital city and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is an open-air museum. Highlights include St John’s Co-Cathedral, the Grand Master’s Palace and the Upper Barrakka Gardens overlooking the Grand Harbour.
- Mdina, known as the “Silent City”, enchants visitors with its medieval walls and narrow streets. Rabat, next to Mdina, is home to catacombs and important archaeological sites. The Three Cities – Vittoriosa, Senglea and Cospicua – offer a more authentic and less touristy view of Malta.
- Do not miss the megalithic temples of Ħaġar Qim, Mnajdra and Tarxien, considered among the oldest free-standing structures in the world.
Sea, beaches and nature
Malta is famous for its clear waters, perfect for swimming, snorkeling and diving. The most popular sandy beaches are located in the northern part of the island, such as Mellieħa Bay and Golden Bay. Rocky coves like St Peter’s Pool offer spectacular scenery.
Comino is renowned for the Blue Lagoon, while Gozo stands out for its greener and more relaxed environment, ideal for hiking, excursions and diving.
Nightlife and entertainment
St Julian’s and Paceville are the heart of Malta’s nightlife, with clubs, pubs and venues open until the early hours. Sliema offers a more refined atmosphere, with restaurants, lounge bars and shopping areas.
Cuisine and local specialties
Maltese cuisine reflects the island’s geographical position and long history.
The national dish is fenek, rabbit cooked in a stew or fried.
Pastizzi are the most popular snack and can be found everywhere at very low prices.
Fresh fish dishes are widely available, along with soups such as aljotta and local cheeses like ġbejna. Traditional desserts often feature dates, honey and almonds.
Events and traditions
Throughout the year, Malta hosts numerous village religious festivals, known as festas, featuring processions, music and impressive fireworks displays. During summer, international music and cultural festivals attract visitors from all over the world.
Costs and practical tips
Malta offers options for different budgets. Eating out is generally affordable, and accommodation ranges from luxury hotels to apartments and guesthouses. Booking in advance is recommended during the summer months.
The country is considered safe for tourists, although it is always advisable to stay alert in crowded areas and at night.
Best time to visit Malta
The best time to visit Malta is during spring and autumn, when the weather is pleasant and prices are more reasonable. Summer is perfect for beach activities but can be hot and crowded. Winter is mild and ideal for cultural tourism and sightseeing.
Conclusion
Malta is a versatile and complete destination, suitable for travelers seeking relaxation, culture, adventure or entertainment. Its blend of ancient history, stunning sea and Mediterranean hospitality makes it an increasingly popular choice among visitors from around the world.